WEST NILE VIRUS

 UPSC/TNPSC CURRENT AFFAIRS


Kerala reported the death of a 47-year-old man due to West Nile Fever on May 29, 2022. The individual belonged to Panchcheri in the Thrissur district. The West Nile Fever in Kerala had claimed one life earlier in 2019 as well. The death has led Kerala health department to go on full alert.


So what is West Nile Fever?

  • The West Nile Virus is a flavivirus related to the viruses that are also responsible for causing St. Louis encephalitis, Japanese Elephantiasis, and yellow fever. It is a mosquito-borne, single-stranded RNA Virus.
  • Along all major bird migratory routes, WNV outbreak sites are found.

  • Origin: 
  • WNV was first isolated in a woman in the West Nile district of Uganda in 1937.
  • It was identified in birds in the Nile delta region in 1953. 
  • Before 1997, WNV was not considered pathogenic for birds.
  •  Human infections attributable to WNV have been reported in many countries for over 50 years.

  • Symptoms:
  • In 80% of the infected people, the disease is asymptomatic
  • In the rest of the 20% cases, West Nile fever or severe WNV is observed with symptoms such as fever, headache, fatigue, body aches, nausea, rash, and swollen glands.
  • Severe infection may even cause neurological disease like West Nile encephalitis or meningitis or West Nile poliomyelitis or acute flaccid paralysis.

  • Treatment:
  • As of now, no treatment/vaccine for WNV is available.
  • Only supportive treatments can be provided to neuro invasive WNV patients.

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